SECURITY AND DEFENSE IN NATIONAL RESILIENCE STUDIES TO REALIZE A NATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM

Security comes from Latin, secures which means free from danger, fear, and threats which consist of traditional and non-traditional security approaches. Defense is defined as the main instrument of a country to create national security. National defense is defined as a dynamic condition of a country that covers all aspects of national life to deal with threats. National security encompasses the security of the state, society and individuals. There are still several definitions from several experts regarding the concepts of security and defense to date. This article analyses the forms of contemporary threats related to security and defense and explains their similarities and differences in the study of national resilience aimed at realizing a national security system and development of the national security system in other countries. This article uses a descriptive qualitative research design through literature study and interviews. This article explains that the forms of threats that occur in Indonesia include problems at the border area, SARA intolerance, inequality in bureaucratic reform, not optimal law enforcement, and transnational crime. Similarities and differences in the concepts of security and defense can be seen from the regulations, the concepts used, the institutions and the constitution. This article shows that national resilience is influenced by national defense and security. The safe condition of a country is inseparable from the security and defense factors alone but is synergized with each other factors such as economic, political, legal, social, cultural, ideological, geographic, demographic and natural resources.Keywords: defense, national security, national resilience, securit

Improving Our Vision II: Building Transparency and Cooperation

Workshop on Space Situational Awareness Data Sharing Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies World Security Institute’s Center for Defense Information Secure World Foundation London, United Kingdom, October 2007 This was the second workshop to bring together a range of stakeholders to discuss global needs and capabilities for Space Situational Awareness (SSA). The first workshop was held in September 2006 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. This 2006 workshop was sponsored by the Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies and the World Security Institute’s Center for Defense Information. The 2006 workshop report can be found at the following internet site: http://www.cdi.org/PDFs/SSAConference_screen. pdf

EDUCATION AND RESEARCH AS COMPONENTS OF INDONESIA DEFENSE DIPLOMACY

Defense diplomacy seeks to build partnerships through the use of defense-related programs. The Government of Indonesia develops practical cooperation among regional and extra-regional defense establishments on areas of mutual concern in education and research. Indonesia assigns Indonesia Defense University (IDU) to provide professional graduate education in defense studies with strong practical and area emphasis, conduct relevant research in defense strategy and management, national security and defense technology. Heads of Defense Universities/Colleges/Institutions Meeting (HDUCIM) serves the exchange of information concerning curriculum, defense concepts, and state defense development; it is also possible to conduct cooperation on research. In promoting regional security, defense diplomacy through education and research could play an important role in posing the stability of interstate relations by illustrating the relations between Indonesia-Cambodia and Indonesia-Philippines.  

Defense Institution Building: An Assessment

AbstractA key element in the Department of Defense's Strategic Guidance is building the capacity of partner nations in order to share the costs and responsibilities of global leadership. To implement this goal, the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy (USD(P)) utilizes several security cooperation programs to work with partner countries to support Defense Institution Building (DIB), i.e. build the capacity of their defense ministries. In addition, the major commands and the Services conduct activities that directly or indirectly support DIB objectives. DIB has four primary components—Wales Initiative Fund-DIB (WIF-DIB), Defense Institution Reform Initiative (DIRI), Ministry of Defense Advisors (MoDA), and Defense Institute of International Legal Studies (DILLS)—but includes all security cooperation activities that develop accountable, effective, and efficient defense institutions. The primary objective of many existing DIB activities is to help partner nations develop and manage capable security forces subject to appropriate civilian control. This paper addresses the following topics, critical to answering questions about DIB: (1) DIB-focused policy goals and program objectives; (2) Criteria for selecting and prioritizing partner nations; (3) A strategy to achieve goals and objectives; (4) Harmonizing DIB with other security cooperation activities; (5) Accountability processes and procedures; (6) Roles and responsibilities

Honor and Compromise, and Getting History Right

White House Chief of Staff John F. Kelly does not have a Ph.D. in history, although he does have two master’s degrees, in Strategic Studies (from the National Defense University) and in National Security Affairs from the Georgetown School of Foreign Service. So perhaps it was simply that he believed what he said about the Civil War this past Monday on Laura Ingraham’s new Fox News ‘Ingraham Angle’ was so innocuous that he could also believe that it wouldn’t even become a blip on anyone’s radar screen. (excerpt

Growth Potential in Relationships: A Promotion-Focus Perspective

Relationship research has long emphasized the importance of felt security for interpersonal wellbeing, but has focused less on how opportunities for growth influence relationship well-being. The present research investigates whether people’s motivational states may influence the extent to which people value growth in their romantic relationships. Drawing on regulatory focus theory, which distinguishes between promotion (concerned with advancement) and prevention (concerned with security) self-regulatory orientations, it was hypothesized that promotion-focused individuals would be more satisfied with relationships that offered greater opportunity for growth than with those that offered greater opportunity for security. In three experimental studies, participants evaluated others’ (Study 1; N = 110) and their own (Study 2; N =141 and 3: N = 103) relationships after we manipulated beliefs about whether those relationships had high or low potential for future growth. Results revealed that promotion-focused participants rated theirs and another person’s relationship more positively when the relationship portrayed high growth potential rather than when it portrayed low growth potential. These results have meaningful implications for marriage courses and in clinical settings for defense against reinforcement erosion